- 词义辨析
lecture, address, oration, report, speech, talk
1.在这组词中, address, speech, talk, oration四个词是同义词, lecture和report的词义与其他四个词的词义差异较大。
①lecture指学术性的“专题讲演”,尤指大学教师讲课,引申义为“教训”。例如:
Professor Black will give us a lecture on English literature tomorrow afternoon.布莱克教授明天下午将给我们做关于英国文学的演讲。
His mother gave him a lecture for getting up late.他妈妈因为他睡懒觉而训斥了他一顿。
注意这六个词中只有lecture不可与make连用。
②report指下级对上级或委托机关的“报告”,比汉语中“报告”的外延小得多。例如:
The manager had just given the company's annual report.经理刚做了公司的年度报告。
2.address, speech, talk, oration四个词的共同含义是“当众讲话”。它们的区别是:
①speech和talk是普通用语, address和oration是正式用语。
②address和oration用于正式隆重的场合,经过充分准备,听众较多,篇幅较长。这两者中, oration比address更正式,更隆重,人更多,篇幅更长。例如:
The minister's address will be broadcast at 8 o'clock.部长的讲话将于8时广播。
Lincoln's Gettysburg Address was an oration.林肯的盖茨堡讲演是一篇雄辩有力的演说辞。
这两个词含义上的区别是:address强调演说人的身份或地位高,而oration则强调演说人口才好,演说有煽动性,雄辩有力,词藻华丽。
③speech和talk的区别是:speech多用于正式场合,也可用于非正式场合; 而talk多用于非正式场合,也可用于正式场合。speech一般是经过准备的也可不经过准备; 而talk一般是不经过准备的。speech的措辞一般是庄重的; 而talk是较为随便的,讲话方式也较自由,甚至也可以是对话。例如:
Please tell us what you think in a few simple words, we don't want a speech.请用简短的话说明你的意思,不要演说。
We enjoy freedom of speech.我们有言论自由。
We had a long talk about it.关于此事,我们作了一次长谈。
He gave us a very interesting talk on Yugoslavia.他给我们作了一场饶有兴趣的关于南斯拉夫的报告。
④speech除作“讲演”解之外,还有“讲稿”“讲演风格”的含义,而另外三个词无此含义。例如:
His speech was sent to the newspaper in advance.他的讲话稿事先就送报社去了。
Her speech is informal and filled with colloquialisms.她的讲话常是非正式的,很口语化。
lecture about, lecture on
这两个短语都表示“就…作讲演”。它们的区别在于:接about时内容比较广泛,接on时,内容较集中、专一;另外,接about时,内容较为普及;而接on专业性较强。
lecture, declaim, deliver, speak
这组词都可表示“演讲”。它们的区别是:
speak一般指在公共场合讲话; declaim有慷慨激昂地演说、朗诵或以言辞攻击某人或某种观点的含义; deliver指讲道、陈述意见或讲授一门功课; lecture可指就某一专题演讲或强调教导性的演说。例如:
She was declaiming against the waste of the taxpayers' money.她慷慨陈词,猛烈抨击对纳税人金钱的浪费。
He is delivering a speech.他正在作演讲。
I wish you'd stop lecturing me.我希望你不要再教训我。
- 近义词
- addressn.地址;通信处;演说;称呼;
- lessonn.一课时;课程;教训;《圣经》选读;
- rebukevt.非难,指责;制止,阻止;使相形见绌;惩戒;
- reproofn.<正>责备,责难,指责;
- scoldingn.责骂,斥责;
- speechn.演讲;讲话;发言;演说;口语;(戏剧中的)台词;说话方式;说话的能力
- talkv.说话,谈话;讨论,洽谈;说闲话;供认;
- addressn.地址;通信处;演说;称呼;
- admonishvt.劝告;训诫;(温和地)责备;轻责;
- raten.速度,进度;比率;价格,费用;房产税;
- reprovevt.<正>责骂,指摘,非难;
- scoldv.训斥,责骂;
- speakvt.& vi.讲,谈;演说;从某种观点来说;
- talkv.说话,谈话;讨论,洽谈;说闲话;供认;
- teachv.教,讲授;使学会;使引以为戒;
- tell of告诉(某人)有关…的情况[信息],谈及;
n.
v.
- 双语例句 更多例句
In this lecture I shall concentrate on the early years of Charles's reign.
这一节课我将着重讲查理王朝的早期统治时期。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
Professor Zhu will give lectures to the postgraduates [ graduate students ] this term.
朱教授这学期给研究生 开课.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
This is a two year course taught by means of lectures and seminars.
本课程为期两年,授课形式为讲座与研讨。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
His lectures always proceed from the close to the distant and from the elementary to the profound.
他讲课总是由近及远,由浅入深.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
They just sat there wittering about what lectures they had tomorrow.
他们就坐在那儿没完没了地聊明天要听哪些讲座。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
His lecture was illustrated with slides taken during the expedition.
他在讲演中使用了探险时拍摄到的幻灯片。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
In today's lecture the focus will be on tax structures within the European Union.
今天讲课的重点是欧洲联盟内部的税制结构。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
I teach psychology by way of a range of traditional lectures, practicals and tutorials.
我采用传统授课与实践和指导相结合的方式教授心理学。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
The first lecture introduces students to the main topics of the course.
第一堂课是让学生了解这门课的主要内容。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
The study programme concentrates more on group work and places less reliance on lectures.
这个学习计划较注重小组活动而不倚重讲座。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
- 相关词组
- like to lecture other people好为人师;
- lecture notes讲稿;
- lecture hall讲堂,讲演厅;
- attend a lecture听课;听讲;
- Party lecture党课;
- lecture room讲堂;
- give a lecture说课;讲授;主讲;讲演;
- lecture theater阶梯教室
- lecture and study讲习;
- lecture theatren.阶梯教室
- lecture about向…就(某题目)作报告,办讲座;
- lecture note讲义,上课笔记;
- lecture on向…就(某题目)作报告,办讲座;
- 今日热词
- 热门搜索
- lie to me 别对我撒谎;
- harmless adj.无害的,不致伤的;没有受到损失或免于法律责任的;
- Mondays n. 星期一( Monday的名词复数 );周一;星期一的省思;逢星期一
- modest adj.不太大的;适中的;谦虚的;端庄的;
- algebra n.代数学,代数;
- manager n.经理;经纪人;主教练;
- fear n.恐惧;担心;担忧;可能性;v.害怕;担心;(替…)担心;
- first n.第一,最初;头等;一号,;[乐]高音部;adv.最早,最初;首次;宁愿;优先;
- Bitcoin 比特币;虚拟货币;比特;虚拟货币比特币
- inquire vt.& vi.打听,询问;查究;
- inclusive adj.包括的,包罗广泛的;包括…的;一切开支包括在内的;(语言使用上)不分男女的;
- freeze v.(使)结冰;冷冻(食物等);严寒;冻僵,冻结;停住不动;暂停;n.冻结;冰冻(期);

