- 词义辨析
lecture, address, oration, report, speech, talk
1.在这组词中, address, speech, talk, oration四个词是同义词, lecture和report的词义与其他四个词的词义差异较大。
①lecture指学术性的“专题讲演”,尤指大学教师讲课,引申义为“教训”。例如:
Professor Black will give us a lecture on English literature tomorrow afternoon.布莱克教授明天下午将给我们做关于英国文学的演讲。
His mother gave him a lecture for getting up late.他妈妈因为他睡懒觉而训斥了他一顿。
注意这六个词中只有lecture不可与make连用。
②report指下级对上级或委托机关的“报告”,比汉语中“报告”的外延小得多。例如:
The manager had just given the company's annual report.经理刚做了公司的年度报告。
2.address, speech, talk, oration四个词的共同含义是“当众讲话”。它们的区别是:
①speech和talk是普通用语, address和oration是正式用语。
②address和oration用于正式隆重的场合,经过充分准备,听众较多,篇幅较长。这两者中, oration比address更正式,更隆重,人更多,篇幅更长。例如:
The minister's address will be broadcast at 8 o'clock.部长的讲话将于8时广播。
Lincoln's Gettysburg Address was an oration.林肯的盖茨堡讲演是一篇雄辩有力的演说辞。
这两个词含义上的区别是:address强调演说人的身份或地位高,而oration则强调演说人口才好,演说有煽动性,雄辩有力,词藻华丽。
③speech和talk的区别是:speech多用于正式场合,也可用于非正式场合; 而talk多用于非正式场合,也可用于正式场合。speech一般是经过准备的也可不经过准备; 而talk一般是不经过准备的。speech的措辞一般是庄重的; 而talk是较为随便的,讲话方式也较自由,甚至也可以是对话。例如:
Please tell us what you think in a few simple words, we don't want a speech.请用简短的话说明你的意思,不要演说。
We enjoy freedom of speech.我们有言论自由。
We had a long talk about it.关于此事,我们作了一次长谈。
He gave us a very interesting talk on Yugoslavia.他给我们作了一场饶有兴趣的关于南斯拉夫的报告。
④speech除作“讲演”解之外,还有“讲稿”“讲演风格”的含义,而另外三个词无此含义。例如:
His speech was sent to the newspaper in advance.他的讲话稿事先就送报社去了。
Her speech is informal and filled with colloquialisms.她的讲话常是非正式的,很口语化。
lecture about, lecture on
这两个短语都表示“就…作讲演”。它们的区别在于:接about时内容比较广泛,接on时,内容较集中、专一;另外,接about时,内容较为普及;而接on专业性较强。
lecture, declaim, deliver, speak
这组词都可表示“演讲”。它们的区别是:
speak一般指在公共场合讲话; declaim有慷慨激昂地演说、朗诵或以言辞攻击某人或某种观点的含义; deliver指讲道、陈述意见或讲授一门功课; lecture可指就某一专题演讲或强调教导性的演说。例如:
She was declaiming against the waste of the taxpayers' money.她慷慨陈词,猛烈抨击对纳税人金钱的浪费。
He is delivering a speech.他正在作演讲。
I wish you'd stop lecturing me.我希望你不要再教训我。
- 近义词
- addressn.地址;通信处;演说;称呼;
- lessonn.一课时;课程;教训;《圣经》选读;
- rebukevt.非难,指责;制止,阻止;使相形见绌;惩戒;
- reproofn.<正>责备,责难,指责;
- scoldingn.责骂,斥责;
- speechn.演讲;讲话;发言;演说;口语;(戏剧中的)台词;说话方式;说话的能力
- talkv.说话,谈话;讨论,洽谈;说闲话;供认;
- addressn.地址;通信处;演说;称呼;
- admonishvt.劝告;训诫;(温和地)责备;轻责;
- raten.速度,进度;比率;价格,费用;房产税;
- reprovevt.<正>责骂,指摘,非难;
- scoldv.训斥,责骂;
- speakvt.& vi.讲,谈;演说;从某种观点来说;
- talkv.说话,谈话;讨论,洽谈;说闲话;供认;
- teachv.教,讲授;使学会;使引以为戒;
- tell of告诉(某人)有关…的情况[信息],谈及;
n.
v.
- 双语例句 更多例句
She has danced, choreographed, lectured and taught all over the world.
她在世界各地跳过舞、编过舞、讲过学、也教过书。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
While wary of being interrogated, he felt even more wary of being pitied or lectured to.
他这时候怕人盘问, 更怕人怜悯或教训.
汉英文学 - 围城
In this lecture I shall concentrate on the early years of Charles's reign.
这一节课我将着重讲查理王朝的早期统治时期。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
They had been lectured at, from tender years ; coursed , like little hares.
他们从童稚时代起就受着训诫, 象野兔似地被追来赶去.
词典精选例句
The first lecture introduces students to the main topics of the course.
第一堂课是让学生了解这门课的主要内容。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
In today's lecture the focus will be on tax structures within the European Union.
今天讲课的重点是欧洲联盟内部的税制结构。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
His lecture was illustrated with slides taken during the expedition.
他在讲演中使用了探险时拍摄到的幻灯片。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
They had been lectured at, from their tenderest years ; coursed , like little hares.
他们从 童稚 时代起就受着训诫, 像野兔似地被追来赶去.
词典精选例句
- 相关词组
- lecture room讲堂;
- Party lecture党课;
- give a lecture说课;讲授;主讲;讲演;
- like to lecture other people好为人师;
- lecture note讲义,上课笔记;
- lecture notes讲稿;
- lecture hall讲堂,讲演厅;
- lecture theater阶梯教室
- attend a lecture听课;听讲;
- lecture about向…就(某题目)作报告,办讲座;
- lecture on向…就(某题目)作报告,办讲座;
- lecture theatren.阶梯教室
- lecture and study讲习;
- 今日热词
- 热门搜索
- running in 磨合,试转;
- ppm abbr.part per million 百万分之…;百万分之一;
- century n.世纪;一百年;
- opening n.开幕,开始;空缺的职位;[商]开盘,交易开始时间;(职位的)空缺;adj.首次的,开始的;
- you belong to me 你属于我;只属于我
- Gossip Girl n.绯闻女孩/八卦天后/绯闻少女(美国电视剧);
- grill n.(炊具、烤炉内的)烤架;烤肉店;门窗格栅;一盘烧烤食物(尤指烤肉);烤肉餐馆v.烧烤;烧;追问;
- building n.建筑物;楼房;房屋;建筑(艺术或行业);v.build的现在分词;
- widow n.寡妇,遗孀;v.使丧偶;
- information n.消息;数据;问讯处;
- merely adv.只不过;仅仅;
- U.N. n.联合国;

