Equilibrium Analysis and Its Revelation on Consumption Tax Incidence& Discussion on Consumption Tax Reform With the Equilibrium Analysis of Tax Burden

Firstly, the paper guide all sectors of some countries in a variety of tax policy on sustainable consumption were analyzed, and not confined to mere introduction, but carried through comparative analysis, summed up the experience is worth our reference.

本文的创新之处表现在：第一，本文对部分国家在各环节引导可持续消费的多种税收政策进行了分析，并没有局限于单纯的介绍，而是进行通过比较分析，总结出值得我国借鉴的经验。

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The economic theories foundation of the ecotype consumption tax is based on consumption externalities, the law theories foundation of the ecotype consumption tax is based on the essence of revenue.

生态消费税的经济理论基础是消费外部性，法学理论基础是国家基于财政权对公民环境权的保护。

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Hence, developed countries must pay ecological tax based on their consumption at the foreign trade shares so as to help developing countries overcome their historical difficulties.

所以，为了帮助发展中国家走出历史的困境，发达国家在扩大国际贸易的同时，必须根据自己的消费规模支付“生态税”。

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But Republicans note the president also plans a new tax regime on energy consumption that will affect Americans of every income level.

但是，共和党人指出，总统还计划推出能源消费的新税收政策，各个收入水平的人都会受到影响。

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The result showed the control effect of cigarette excise taxes on cigarette consumption is more obvious, while the smaller control efforts of the alcohol excise tax on alcohol consumption.

实证结果显示，卷烟消费税对卷烟消费的调控效果较为明显，而酒消费税对酒消费的调控力度较小。

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Through analyzing the influence of tax on personal consumption and corporate investment, it discusses macroscopic economic growth which is subject to the influence of government tax.

通过分析税收对个人消费和企业投资行为的影响，探讨了政府税收影响之下的宏观经济增长。

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The Skidelskys are bolder, proposing policies that would encourage the pursuit of the good life rather than endless growth: a basic income; a tax on consumption rather than income; and an end to the tax-deductibility of company spending on advertising.

Skidelskys父子则更加大胆地提出了针对追求美好生活且反对无休止增长的政策建议，即要有基本收入保障，基于消费而非收入的税收政策，以及对商家广告进行税收抵扣。

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In this paper we build a simple two-period life cycle model to analyze the effect of interest tax on consumption.

本文建立一个消费者跨时间消费选择的生命周期模型来分析利息税对消费的刺激作用。

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The currency regime is a tax on consumption, which accounts for a mere 36 per cent of gross domestic product and represents a considerable subsidy to exports.

这种汇率制度相当于一种消费税消费在中国国内生产总值（gdp）中只占36%并转化为对出口的高额补贴。

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The higher the price of gold, silver, copper, oil and agricultural foodstuffs – the higher the tax on consumption must be.

黄金、白银、铜、石油及农业食品的价格越高，消费税就必定越高。

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Negative Gearing: When the tax deductions from an investment property exceed the income the property generates, the investor has a tax loss to offset against their other taxable income.

负杠杆原理：当投资房产抵税部分金额超过收入部分，投资人可以用于抵减其他应付税的收入。

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Participants can use federal, not state, tax credits to help offset the upfront cost of the solar panels.

参加者可使用联邦而不是州的税收抵免太阳能电池板安装及使用的前期费用。

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But a society would want compelling evidence that the social contract had been torn up before flexing the tax system to offset what may turn out to be only temporary fluctuations in relative incomes.

但一个社会会想要一个强有力的证据，即在实行弹性税收体系以抵消可能只是暂时性的收入浮动前，民约论就已无法立足了。

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Upon the decision of State Council, the Measures of Tax Exemption, Offset and Refund for Imported and Exported Goods will be further promoted.

经国务院决定，进一步推进出口货物实行免、抵、退税管理办法。

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But why not temporarily reduce indirect taxes, such as value added tax, to offset any adverse effect on inflationary expectations?

但为何不暂时削减增值税之类的间接税，来抵消对通胀预期的任何不利影响呢？

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And local governments are seeking to develop a new source of tax revenue to offset dwindling revenue from other sources.

地方政府则在大力开辟新的税收来源，以弥补其他渠道日益减少的税收收入。

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A New Way of Tax Exemption, Offset and Reimbursement of Export

对出口货物免、抵、退税办法的改进

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Parents who have more than two children should be charged a lifelong climate change tax to offset the effect of their extra greenhouse gas emissions, an Australian medical expert has proposed.

近日，澳大利亚一位医学专家提议，有两个以上孩子的家庭要终身缴纳气候变化税，以消除其多排放的温室气体带来的不良影响。

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A lower tax rate offset a" very disappointing quarter in the U.S.," said Yum! Brands CEO David C.Novak.

百胜CEO大卫·诺瓦克（David C.Novak）说，税率降低弥补了“非常令人失望的美国第二季度业绩”。

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The author believes that the listed corporations should take full advantage of the tax offset effect and financial leverage function of corporation bond financing to optimize their capital structures, and then proceed to maximize their market values.

上市企业应充分利用企业债券融资的抵税作用、财务杠杆作用，实现企业资本结构最优，进而实现企业市场价值最大。

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